Historicist Interpretation of Daniel
Daniel Eight, One segment of Sanctuary Prophecy
What Comes on the Wing of Abomination?
The Ram and Goat
The Growing Horn
2300 Evening and Mornings
Daniel 2 begins with the head of gold which represents Babylon, and ends with God's kingdom, which will never be destroyed.
Daniel 7 begins with the winged lion, representing Babylon, and ends with the vindication of the saints who inherit the everlasting kingdom.
Daniel 8 begins with the ram of Media Persia, and ends when the sanctuary will be cleansed.
Daniel 9 begins with the decree to rebuild Jerusalem, issued by a Persian king, and continues until the fall of ancient Israel.
Daniel Eight's Position in Sanctuary Prophecy
So we actually see these prophecies cover a wide span of history.
Daniel 9 covers the Old Testament sanctuary and culminates in Christ's ministry upon the earth.
In Daniel 9 the earthly sanctuary is both made obsolete by Christ's death, and physically destroyed by the prince of Rome whom the Israelites choose while rejecting Christ, Messiah the Prince. Rome's abomination made Jerusalem desolate.
Daniel 8 again spans the time from Media Persia to the end of the 2300 days. It describes the assault upon the "daily", and places special emphasis on the Christian era. It emphasizes the ministry of Christ in heaven while Rome, the little horn, grows into a religious/political power and seeks to remain the prince which the people follow in it's attempts to obliterate the True Heavenly Prince--THE PRINCE OF PRINCES (8:25) THE PRINCE OF THE HEAVENLY HOST (8:10,11) Christ, and His work in the heavenly sanctuary.
Daniel 8 culminates in Christ entering into His work in the Most Holy.
Daniel 7 shows the investigative judgment in progress. Here the true Prince and His followers will be honored. The false prince, the little horn, is judged and destroyed. The emphases is on Christ's ministry in the Most Holy Place and culminates with the restoration of all things.
Daniel 8 — The ministry of Christ in the Holy Place in the heavenly sanctuary. Daniel 7 — The ministry of Christ in the Most Holy Place in the heavenly sanctuary. |
LET'S LOOK AT DANIEL EIGHT
Daniel 9 ended with:
" and on the wing of abominations (will come) one who makes
desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate."
The little horn is pagan Rome growing into Papal Rome. For the phrase "abominations that make desolate" gives us links to other passage that refer to this same power.
Our first confirmation of this comes from Jesus Himself as He describes the soon coming fall of Jerusalem and combines His prophecy with the events at the end of the world.
Alexander the Great's Grecian kingdom divides into four powers that spread out in all directions (winds).
Daniel 8.9
"And out of one of them [grammatical gender links this to one of the winds, not horns]
Out of one of these directions, came forth a horn starting from smallness. [Horns represent kingdoms, not an individual king in the middle of a series of kings] This little horn waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land. [Palestine]"
Daniel 8.10
Rome did not stop with the conquering of the previous established kingdoms, it took over many other lands as well!
Notice:
The Ram, according to this vision, became great; the goat waxed very great; but the little horn became exceedingly great. How absurd is the following application of this comparison:
Great Persia
Very Great Greece
Exceedingly Great Antiochus
How realistic and accurate is the following:
Great Persia
Very Great Greece
Exceedingly Great Rome
The Persian Empire is simply called GREAT. (8:4) The Bible informs us that it extended "from India even unto Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces." (Esther 1:1)
This was succeeded by the Grecian power, which is called VERY GREAT. (vs8) Here was Alexander, the conqueror of Persia and much more!
Was Antiochus Epiphanes exceedingly great when compared with these former empires? He was only one of 25 kings that constituted the Syrian horn, of the divided Grecian empire. He came into a kingdom already established. His father was called Great by historians, but Epiphanes, though he wanted to be great, is found being ordered out of Egypt by ROME and even taxed by ROME! He was cast out of Palestine by the Maccabees. Indeed he LOST control of Egypt and Palestine, he did not grow great!
This was true of Rome in every particular. Witness its conquest of Africa and Asia, and its overthorow of the place and nation of the Jews.
Compare the passage in the revised version:
The Ram, butting northward, westward and southward, that is Persia, magnified itself
The Goat, Greece, magnified himself exceedingly
The horn, grew exceedingly great, to the host of heaven, and magnified itself to be equal with the Prince or Commander of the host.
Here, as in our study of Daniel two, we see these powers displaying the agenda of antagonist in the Great Controversy Issue. Lucifer wanted to magnify himself above the throne of God. (Is. 14) Another "god" seeking to draw all worship to himself. The little horn is the power that comes closest to accomplishing just that! This we will see as we continue our study.
As Pagan Rome declined Papal Rome gained her strength and seat in Rome and continued to grow. And at this point the arm of finite earthly humans tried to reach into heaven itself to destroy the heavenly sanctuary. They couldn't do this literally of course -- but as far as humanly possible, this is what they attempted.
Daniel actually switches the “gender” of the horn power!
This helps us see the two parts of this horn!
Rome began in it‘s pagan phase,
Daniel begins by calling the horn by the gender we [in English] have translated as IT in these verses.
This "it" would thus be pagan, emperial Rome.
IT casts down some of the (the host of heaven)
Hosts are usually armies, so did pagan Rome cast down some of the heavenly armies?
The "host" or the "army of heaven" being attacked by the "IT" would represent God's army of people going forth with the gospel message.
And, yes indeed the first centuries of Christianity are known for their periods of bloody persecution by Pagan Emperial Roman!
BUT MORE-- IT, that is the pagan/greek/roman way of thinking ALREADY began to infiltrate the doctrines and thinking of Christianity.
The sanctuary to be cleansed at the termination of the 2300 prophetic days/years is not the sanctuary of the first covenant. (Heb. 9:1-7) This sanctuary exists at the end of the 2300 days, while the old sanctuary or tabernacle on earth passed away and ceased to function after Christ's death. This is the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands. Heb.9:11 and Hebrews 8:1,2
This is the sanctuary where the prince of heaven HIMSELF ministers as our great High Priest.
But some question, how could the apostates tread underfoot the Minister of the heavenly sanctuary, our Lord Jesus Christ?
Hebrews 10:29 "How much more severely do you think a man deserves to be punished who has trampled the Son of God under foot, who has treated as an unholy thing the blood of the covenant that sanctified him and who has insulted the Spirit of grace?" The author of Hebrews shows us that people can tread under foot the Minister of that sanctuary, so it is in like manner that they can tread under foot the continual ministry of that sanctuary itself.
The word sacrifice is supplied. Papal Rome took away from Christ, the continual ministry He is providing in the heavenly sanctuary.
Note: the word sacrifice is supplied in EVERY instance in Daniel 8. It is not in the original. The only word in the original is TAMID which means "continual". Translators have added the words sacrifice or burnt offerings etc. But this is not in the original. The original simply says the continuous — or Tamid--- and refers to Christ's continuous ministry in the heavenly sanctuary.
For instance the word tamid is also used in Leviticus 24:2 as the continuous presentation of the showbread. In Exodus 28:29 tamid refers to the high priest who continually wore the breastplate with the names of the children of Israel over his heart in his duties in the sanctuary.
Christ, after His resurrection, ascended into heaven to enter into the heavenly sanctuary as our High Priest. Hebrews clearly tells us that Christ ascended into the heavenly temple, not built with hands to intercede there for us. He is ministering in a better temple, offering better blood, for the blood of animals could never atone for sin. This is a better Priest then any finite earthly priest. Yet this ministry of Jesus, the little horn tried to tamper with and offered a counterfeit substitute with its own system of earthly priests and earthly power over human conscience. They did this even after the great revelation of Christ on the cross and the book of Hebrews was placed in the hands of believers. Even after this magnificent revelation of the continuous ministry of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary which He began after His crucifixion, using His own precious blood, this marvelous truth was almost completely lost sight of. For sinful human beings stood up and claimed the prerogatives of Christ in this work.
In the place of Christ's ministry in the heavenly sanctuary as outlined in the book of Hebrews, the little horn, papal Rome substituted it's own ritualistic sacrifice. It is rather interesting to note that, while the Catholic church cast aside the perpetual Sabbath of the Bible as "Jewish", they adopted the Jewish sacrifice system and Christianized it! Hebrews declares that Christ's sacrifice was ONCE AND FOR ALL. Christ does not have to die over and over again. Yet daily in mass, the Eucharist is celebrated in which the priest supposedly creates the body of the CREATOR of the universe and offers Him in a bloodless sacrifice over and over again.
No earthly priesthood, no earthly ministry, no earthly sacrifice or service in any earthly sanctuary can ever take away sin. It is only the priesthood and the ministry of Christ that can ever take away sin. Yet this little horn hid from the people's view the ministry of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary and focused their attention to earthly priests and powers. Rome claimed that ministry for itself, yet it CAN NEVER TAKE AWAY SIN.
But, we may well ask how was this done?
The most dramatic "lifting off" of Christ's daily, or CONTINUAL ministry, by the Roman Bishop is seen in the claim that Christ founded His church upon Peter, and gave Peter the Keys of eternal destiny, and the Bishop of Rome was now the successor performing the CONTINUAL ministry of Peter!
No, in 1 Peter 2:6-8 Peter declares that Christ is the chief corner stone. It is upon Christ the church is built!
Christ's DAILY was lifted off, or taken away from Christ. His ministry was removed and usurped by another. This was done by the Papacy claiming that Christ built his church upon Peter as the rock [when in actuality CHRIST BUILT THE CHURCH UPON HIMSELF AS THE TRUE CORNER STONE]
This was done by claiming Peter was given the keys of eternal destiny [when in actuality Christ has the keys (see Rev. 3:7]
This was done by the Papacy now claiming to be the CONTINUATION or CONTINUAL OF Peter's supreme authority and ministry OVER the churches.
When in fact it had USURPED CHRIST'S CONTINUAL MINISTRY FOR THE CHURCH.
There has been some debate on the term "take away" "ruwm" the daily in Daniel 8:11, as the term used is "ruwm" which can have various meanings including "extol and exalt".
However, the "ruwm" used in this verse is the "hophal" form which means "to be taken off".
The little horn attempted to take off Christ's daily and place it upon itself.
The "taking away" of the daily in (Daniel 11:31 and 12:11) uses the word "cuwr" which means "to cause to turn aside, cause to depart, remove, take away, put away, depose, reject, take away".
So there really is no doubt that this power, in trying to take off Christ's daily and place it upon themselves were in actuality rejecting the true ministry and pushing it aside, and establishing "the abomination that makes desolate" in it's place.
When those texts in Matthew 16:13-20 were misapplied and misinterpreted about the church being built upon Peter as the "ROCK" and that the "KEYS" of heaven and hell were being given Peter, with supposed full control as to who might be admitted into God's kingdom and who would be exculded, that doctrine was preceived and taught as Christ giving the papacy power over the salvation of people.
The papacy then placed itself as the "foundation" of the church. His throne then was preceived as the PLACE of the sanctuary of God. This later led to the papal claim of "infallibility", thus placing itself even above the Word of God.
"The few faithful BUILDERS upon the true FOUNDATION (1 Cor. 3:11) were perplexed and hindered as the rubbish of false doctrine obstructed the work. ...."
What is the TRUE FOUNDATION?
"For no other foundation can anyone lay than that wich is laid, WHICH IS JESUS CHRIST."
So, when Leo the Great claimed "Peter as the Rock" instead of Christ, and claimed he received the "TAMID" and the keys through Peter, he was actually starting the process of "lifting off the TAMID" from Christ [it never was Peter's] and placing it upon himself.
People's eyes were no longer looking up to heaven for salvation, they were looking to a man made system, which had invested itself with the perogatives of Christ, for salvation.
Rome also used literal armies of soldiers.
Notice something more:
In both Daniel 11:31 and Daniel 8:12 we read that this power receives an army by which he opposes the daily and sets up the abomination.
Daniel 8:12 An army was given over to the horn to oppose the daily. (NKJV)
Daniel 11:31 And forces shall be mustered by him, and they shall take away the daily and place the abomination.
Was there a time before the beginning of the 1260 years when the papacy came into possession of an army which it used to set up it's authority over spiritual matters? Indeed there was!
Clovis was king of the Franks, one of the pagan tribes which had caused much havoc for the Roman empire in previous years. Observing the power and influence of the papacy, and anxious to avail himself of papal support, he professed conversion in 496, and his entire following united with him in adherence to Catholicism, three thousand of whom were baptized along with himself soon after his conversion. As he expected, the Catholics rallied around him as the only Catholic prince in the West. (Newman, A Manual of Church History, V.1p. 404)
It is when a religious power starts using AN ARMY, that the abomination of desolation is set up. According to Daniel 12, this abomination lasted 1290 years. From the time the papacy began to use the sword of the Frank army to forbid any worship not in line with their beliefs, in 508, forcing people to yield to her spiritual authority, until 1798 when that spiritual authority was removed by the sword of Napoleon's army and by Napoleon's laws. This was exactly 1290 years.
The papacy also established the inquisition to subdue any "heretics". Thousands upon thousands lost their lives because they believed differently than Rome.
Truth was cast to the ground
As for truth, Papal Rome tried to change a lot of Biblical truth. Changing God's times and laws. Treading the Sabbath into the ground and lifting up the Vulnerable day of the Sun in it's place. Bringing in saint worship and many other things.
Papal Rome established a whole system of confession, penance, and salvation centered on earthly priests and earthly rituals, almost completely obliterating the work of Christ in His sanctuary in heaven. Even the Lord's supper which should be a remembrance of Christ's death was turned into a sacrifice which a priest daily administers on an altar. The priests claim power to change the "host" or bread into the actual body of Christ which is offered in a "bloodless" sacrifice on the altar at mass. People come to mass to receive forgiveness. This power claimed the right to forgive or withhold forgiveness, In other words the Little Horn took upon itself the work of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary by substituting an earthly system of dealing with sin. They took Christ's heavenly ministry and cast it to the ground.
Rome is filled with the blood of millions of God's saints. As well as having involved herself in revolutions, religious/political wars and questionable strategies.
The great St. Bartholomew Massacre is just one example.
Obviously this is THE KING whose forces desecrate the sanctuary and TAKE AWAY THE TAMID OF CHRIST'S SANCTUARY MINISTRY. This is the king, who sets himself up in the place of THE KING OF KINGS.
Daniel 8.13
How long will a counterfeit priesthood and a counterfeit worship be allowed to misrepresent Christ and pretend to have the keys to eternal life and eternal death? How long before Christ will judge and vindicate all those martyrs killed for His name sake, by a power pretending to represent Christ. How long before the full message of the sanctuary will be understood? How long before people recognize the true ministry of Christ alone? How long will they neglect it "while transgression causes horror", and causes millions to be lost, because they can not find the true sanctuary where sin is forgiven and sinners are cleansed from their sins and set free from the power of sin! How long before people realize that CHRIST IS JUDGE and they are accountable to HIM--not to a power that that pretends to have the keys to heaven and hell?
This is a question which involves everyone! Every human being looking for salvation, no matter what denomination they belong to, needs to look to Christ's ministry in the heavenly sanctuary. All need to hear the message and understand. The sanctuary in heaven where Christ is ministering is not just for Adventists, it's for everyone! Everyone needs to hear and understand!
Daniel 8 emphasis the period of Christ's Ministry in the Holy Place. It shows that here on earth, while He was in the Holy Place of heaven, the world in general refused to see HIM there.
Just as in Daniel 9, which depicts HIS Ministry in the courtyard as the true lamb, the true sacrifice, dying, cut off "not for Himself" (Dan. 9:26) but for our iniquities (Is. 53:8), the people in general refused to see HIM as the Lamb of God.
It was at the end of the 2300 day/years that the message went forth, proclaimed by the angel with the everlasting gospel, "Fear God and give glory to Him, for the hour of His judgment has come, worship Him Who made heaven and earth, the sea and all that in them is."
After the 2300 years Christ began His Judgment work in the Most Holy Place. And once again the majority of people refuse to see.
The message of Revelation continues: Come out of Babylon, the confused systems resulting from the little horns progress through history. Come out of the system that looks to the "Pontifex Maximus" [which from ancient times was the name of the Babylonian high priest] as their "vicar of Christ". Come out, and be one of the "SAINTS who keep God's commandments and have the faith of Jesus". For the Faith of Jesus is the only source of righteousness and HE forgives and cleanses, and He writes His law upon our hearts and minds. This is the everlasting gospel as it is in Christ, our high Priest and Intercesor and Judge.
Click here for: Questions Answered
(Is Daniel 9 an explanation of Daniel 8? What about Ephiphanes? Was the book really written during the Exile?
What does the cleansing of the sanctuary mean?
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